Furniture Period

Furniture Periods in the United States :

DATES PERIOD
1790-1810 Early Federal
1798-1804 American Directoire
1804-1815 American Empire
1810-1830 Late Federal
1830-1880 Eclectic
1880-1900 Arts&Crafts
1900-1920 Art Nouveau

Although there were many styles of furniture periodical reproductions appeared at numerous times. The Victorian style was influenced by the English and remained strong throughout the 19th century in the United States.

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British Furniture Periods
DATES PERIOD
1760-1811 Late Georgian
1812-1820 Regency
1820-1830 Regency
1830-1837 William IV
1837-1901 Victorian

The early years of Victoria's reign saw a new interest in the midieval or Gothic Revival in all aspects of architecture and design. From the mid-to-late Victorian period was a time of lush, abundant and cluttered look with which we associate the term "Victorian". Beyond the 1880's a series of reactions against High Victorian took place: Aestheticism, Art Nouveau, Japonisme, The Arts and Craft movement, the Celtic Revival, the Liberty style and finally, Art Deco. So when anyone speaks about "Victorian taste" we have to find out to which part of Victoria's reign they refer.


Pine


Many 19th century homes housed the lovely simplicity of pine furniture. Pine was practical for furnishing cottages, homes of working people, kitchen and servants rooms. The style was classical and timeless. Two centuries before Queen Victoria's reign pine was used for furniture until the 19th century. The furniture that the pine made was elegant yet simple. It was comfortable and still makes some wish for simpler times.


VICTORIAN FURNITURE

Understanding Victorian Furniture and the different Revivals that came about in the Victorian Era is essential to understanding our own admirations for such diverse and tasteful styles in Victorian Furniture.

CLASSICAL STYLE

The Classical style of furniture had long been around before the 19th century. Robert Adams, George Hepplewhite and Thomas Sheraton based their English Classical designs on excavations from Roman ruins at Pompeii, which also reflected upon American designs of the Federal Period 1785-1850.


EGYPTIAN & GREEK

Egyptian and Greek influences; ornamental chairs, urns, columns, ornamentation, and paws feet dominated the Classical Revival Furniture during 1820s -1840s. It was at this time that the American Empire Pillar Scroll style came upon the scene. This furniture was made from thin sheets of flame – grained mahogany.


GOTHIC REVIVAL

From the 1840s – 1865 Andrew Jackson Downing’s aroused the publics affection for a more romantic style with the fantasy and revival of the Medieval times. Outdoor landscaping of such a house would include towers, turrets and high crowned gables, and pointed arches. Much of the ornamentation of acorns and oak would be reintroduced in furniture and interior designs from Thomas Brooks, Joseph Meeks,George Platt, and Alexander Roux.


RENAISSANCE REVIVAL

Between the years 1860 – 1875 the stylish court of Napoleon III inspired this design to re-immerge. French cabinet makers brought the art of polishing and fine parquetry; that is fine woodwork laid in patterns; incising and engraving into wood. Ormolu or brass ornamentation was an added feature of this fine furniture.


AESTHETIC

From 1885 – 1895 artistry, color and patterns would influence the production of furniture, metal work and ceramics, stained glass, wallpaper and books. Wallpapers and other lavish interior pieces revealed the juxtaposition of a variety of patterns, texture and the careful selection of color in closely related in hue and value. This furniture was adapted from Egyptian, Medieval, Moorish, Oriental and Persian designs.


ROCOCO

During the middle of the 19th Century 1840 – 1865 Rococo or Antique French remained quite popular. This furniture was adapted from the court of Louis XV. Furniture with “S” shaped legs called cabriole had fine carvings of foliage, flowers, fruit and nuts. Upholstery was tufted. Balloon backed chairs would be a comfortable ladies chair in many parlors across the world.

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